Effects of red-wine grape pomace on the quality and sensory attributes of beef hamburger patty

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of red-wine grape pomaces on the quality and sensory attributes of beef hamburger patties. Both phenolic content and antioxidant activity were assessed using Syrah, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon pomaces. Following the assessment, hamburger patties were prepared with Merlot pomace at 0%, 2% and 4% for the patty quality and sensory attributes. Grape seeds possessed significantly higher phenolics and antioxidant activities over the seedless pomace (P < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was found for phenolics and antioxidant activities within the seeds and seedless pomaces. The patty pH decreased as the pomace was added for 2% and 4%. Colour values (L*, a* and b*) of patties lowered as the pomace was added. Allo-Kramer shear force and hardness values increased while cooking yield decreased (P < 0.05) with the addition of pomace. No significant difference between control and Merlot patties was found for flavour, juiciness and colour, whereas lower sensory attributes were observed for texture, taste and overall acceptability. It is observed that the addition of fermented red-wine grape pomace provides hamburger patties with health promoting factors such as antioxidant and other functional components, but it also provided darker, sourer and lower cooking yield.     

“半翻转”教学模式下评价指标体系研究与实践

研究基于“半翻转”教学模式的线上教学评价指标体系,包括课前活动开展、课中教学活动设计、课后任务以及基于此过程中的评价指标体系设计。最后通过层次分析法设计评价指标权重,设计评价算法得到动态评价结果。该评价指标体系应用在本专业“数据结构与算法”课程中,并得到良好的应用效果。     

我国水-能源-粮食耦合关系及影响因素

为缓解我国水、能源和粮食资源紧张问题，促进资源可持续利用，构建水-能源-粮食系统，利用耦合协调度模型对我国的30个省（自治区、直辖市）进行测算,并利用空间杜宾模型分析主要影响因素。结果表明：2003—2017年，我国能源、粮食评价[JP]指数高于水资源评价指数，系统综合评价指数逐年递增；大部分省份耦合协调度处于初级协调水平且呈现逐年上升的态势，个别省份耦合协调度濒临失调；耦合协调度空间自相关性较强，虽有明显波动，但是呈现逐年加强的态势；影响耦合协调度的主要因素有从业人口数、固定资产投资额、人均生产总值、人口总数、[JP]文盲人口占比、工业污染排放、城镇化。     

Volatile and non-volatile compound profiles of commercial sweet pickled mango and its correlation with consumer preference

Sweet pickled mango named Ma-Muang Bao Chae-Im is a traditional preserved mango from Hat Yai, Thailand. This study investigated (I) volatile and non-volatile compound profiles of commercial Ma-Muang Bao Chae-Im and (II) their relationship to consumer preference. Untargeted metabolomics profiling was performed by gas chromatography-mass quadrupole-time of flight analysis. There were 117 volatile and 44 non-volatile compounds annotated in six commercial brands of Ma-Muang Bao Chae-Im. Furthermore, 46 volatile and 19 non-volatile compounds’ discriminant markers were found by Partial least square discriminant analysis. Among those markers, sorbic and benzoic acid were observed in several brands; moreover, the combination of both compounds altered the volatile profile, especially the ester group. Partial least square regression revealed that overall consumer liking is correlated to 1-heptanol; 1-octanol; acetoin; acetic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester; D-manitol; terpenes and terpenoids, while firmness to sucrose and L-(-)-sorbofuranose. On the other hand, most ester compounds were not related to consumer preference.     

基于重要度排序的配电自动化终端优化布局方法

针对配电自动化终端优化布局问题，提出了一种基于重要度排序的终端优化布局方法。首先以等年值综合费用为目标函数，供电可靠性和投入产出比为双重约束建立了配电自动化终端优化布局模型。然后通过分析配电自动化终端对供电可靠性提升的影响，给出各个节点的“二遥”及“三遥”终端安装重要度定义及计算公式。最后采用枚举法确定最优终端安装数量，基于节点终端安装重要度排序确定终端的最优安装位置。该方法考虑了已布局节点对剩余节点终端安装重要度的影响，能够在降低计算量的同时兼顾布局合理性。运用所提方法RBTS-BUS2系统及扩充模型进行终端优化布局并与智能优化算法的布局结果进行对比，验证了本文方法的有效性及优越性。     

Memory-based dynamic event-triggered control for networked interval type-2 fuzzy systems subject to DoS attacks

In this article, the memory-based dynamic event-triggered controller design issue is investigated for networked interval type-2 (IT2) fuzzy systems under non-periodic denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. For saving limited network bandwidth, a novel memory-based dynamic event-triggered mechanism (DETM) is proposed to schedule data communication. Unlike existing event-triggered generators, the developed memory-based DETM can utilize a series of newly released signals and further save network resources by introducing interval dynamic variables. Moreover, to improve design flexibility, an IT2 fuzzy controller with freely selectable fuzzy rule number and premise membership functions (MFs) is synthesized. Then, a new switched time-delay system with imperfectly matched MFs is established under the consideration of memory-based DETM and DoS attacks simultaneously. Besides, based on the property of MFs, the boundary information of membership grades and slack matrices are introduced in the stability analysis. Furthermore, by using a piecewise Lyapunov–Krasovskii method, membership-functions-dependent criteria are deduced to ensure the asymptotic stability of built fuzzy switched systems. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed control strategies is demonstrated by simulation examples.     

人造金刚石填充聚酰亚胺树脂基复合材料防刺性能

为研究树脂材料的防刺性能及防刺机制,利用手糊成型与热压法成型制备了手糊分层结构和均布结构层2种结构的人造金刚石填充聚酰亚胺树脂基复合树脂片,并探讨了人造金刚石粒径、填充体积分数对树脂片防刺性能的影响。研究结果表明:经过人造金刚石填充的聚酰亚胺树脂片的防刺性能得到提高,并且均布结构层分层复合结构的树脂片的防刺性能更好;随着人造金刚石粒径的减小,树脂片防刺性能出现先减小后增加的趋势,故防刺机制基本在于碰撞概率与树脂基的防挡;比较防刺力和消耗功发现,不同填充体积分数的单层防刺树脂片的防刺性能随人造金刚石填充体积分数的增加而逐渐降低,该趋势的成因在于复合树脂片的脆化与破坏;在颗粒等效粒径为300 μm、体积分数为10%时,其防刺性能最好。     

基于“动态学习数据分析”的智慧课堂 评价考核体系构建

This paper firstly describes the current situation and limitations of learning evaluation and assessment in colleges and uni- versities; then, it analyzes the possibility of implementing the learning evaluation and assessment based on "dynamic learning data analysis"; then, it describes the design process of the learning evaluation and assessment system in detail; finally, it determines the various assessment items and carries out quantitative processing to better apply them to actual teaching.     

2种灰色模型在矿区地表沉陷预计中的适用性

目前矿区地表单点沉陷动态预计方法主要基于传统的水准测量数据,监测方法单一,成本高,观测点易破坏,不能保证地表形变信息的实时性,且采用灰色模型进行地表沉陷预计时只针对单一模型的应用,没有结合模型自身特点分析其适用性。以袁店二矿7221工作面为试验区域,采用合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量技术监测矿区地表沉陷量,分别建立了描述沉陷量与时间关系的GM(1,1)与灰色Verhulst模型进行地表沉陷量预计,实现了矿区地表沉陷监测与动态预计一体化。通过比较、分析GM(1,1)与灰色Verhulst模型对地表沉陷量的拟合及预计结果,得出了2种灰色模型在矿区地表沉陷预计中的适用性:在矿区开采沉陷开始至活跃前期,若地表单点沉陷量曲线呈近似单峰型,则宜采用GM(1,1)进行短期预计;当矿区地表沉陷进入衰退阶段,单点沉陷量曲线呈平底饱和状态,则宜采用灰色Verhulst模型进行中长期预计。